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Fundamentals of English Grammar-Teacher s Guide 0130136344(2), Angielski
Fundamental Toxicology, Toksykologia i Epidemiologia
[ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]Frontispiece
Potentially toxic and dangerous chemicals are now part of our
everyday life, both in our homes and in our places of work
.
(Photo: Courtesy of H.G.J. Worth, The King’s Mill Centre for Health Care Services,
Sutton-in-Ashfield)
Fundamental Toxicology
Edited by
John H. Duffus
The Edinburgh Centre for Toxicology
Howard G. J. Worth
Healthcare Scientist Consultant
ISBN 0-85404-614-3
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2006
All rights reserved
Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of research for non-commercial purposes
or for private study, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs
and Patents Act 1988 and the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003, this
publication may not be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any
means, without the prior permission in writing of The Royal Society of Chemistry,
or in the case of reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by
the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of
the licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside
the UK. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should
be sent to The Royal Society of Chemistry at the address printed on this page.
Published by The Royal Society of Chemistry,
Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road,
Cambridge CB4 0WF, UK
Registered Charity Number 207890
For further information see our web site at www.rsc.org
Typeset by Macmillan India Ltd, Bangalore, India
Printed by Biddles Ltd, King’s Lynn, Norfolk, UK
Preface
When the first edition of
Fundamental Toxicology for Chemists
was published in 1996,
we recognised the increasing awareness of safety and a growing consciousness of
the need for safety standards. This had resulted in legislation concerned with safe
practice in the work place, which was led by Europe and North America and other
developed countries and which had spread to many other areas of the world.
In the United Kingdom the trend was spearheaded by the Health and Safety at
Work Act in 1974, followed by legislation in 1978 concerned with safe practice of
work in clinical laboratories and post mortem rooms, and then by regulations for the
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH). At the international level,
the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), a joint activity of the
World Health Organisation (WHO), the United Nations Environmental Programme
(UNEP) and the International Labour Organisation (ILO) have published many
valuable documents on chemical safety in conjunction with the Commission of the
European Communities (CEC). This is merely one example of international collab-
oration. At present, the European Union is about to introduce a new regulatory
framework in the form of the Registration Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals
(REACH) proposals, which will cover all the constituent countries.
Much safety legislation and safe practice is concerned with the correct handling
and use of chemicals. It is expected that chemists should be aware of the dangers of
the chemicals that are used in their laboratories, and that there should be documen-
tation and legislation to help this safety process. But the use of chemicals is not con-
fined to the laboratory or the factory. Chemicals are used increasingly in domestic
and non-technical environments, where their safe handling is no longer solely the
concern of qualified chemists. For instance, consider the use of domestic cleaners,
solvents and detergents, weed killers and pesticides and proprietary medicines. The
question is asked, therefore, who is the person to whom the public might turn to seek
help and advice in the safe handling of these chemicals? As like as not, the answer
that comes back is, the chemist. It is not unreasonable that the chemist is seen as the
person who can give help and advice on the handling of chemicals, on the toxic
effects associated with them, and on how to deal with an incident if and when it
occurs. However, the need is still not recognised in the curricula for the training of
chemists, and indeed, apart from what they pick up indirectly during their educa-
tional progress, there is usually no formal training in toxicology. This makes the
chemist very vulnerable as a result of being given new responsibilities without
adequate training to handle them. Thus, this book was written originally with the
chemist in mind.
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